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Sulfur (S) is the element with atomic number 16, symbol S. It has four stable isotopes, by far the most common having mass number 32. Sulfur nuclei are synthesized by oxygen burning and the alpha process in large stars and in supernovae. SI (neutral atomic sulfur) and SII (Sulfur II, singly-ionized atomic sulfur) spectral lines are used in analyzing stellar makeup. The 672 nm SII emission line is also useful as a shock tracer present in supernova remnants.