The Giant GRB Ring is nine gamma-ray bursts that fell within an area of
the celestial sphere and within a redshift range
over the course of 2004 to 2012. In 2015 the pattern was identified,
with analysis that suggested a very low probability that it is
a coincidence.
If they are from a single astronomical object, it would be
larger than any established object and large enough to challenge
current cosmological theory:
the cosmological principle suggests that
given the universe's finite age, at any point in time, there is a
maximum to the size of anything other than random, i.e., any possible
large scale structure. All such discerned structures large enough to challenge
the principle are immediately under suspicion but testing whether
such a pattern is truly random (or not) is tricky.