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The term solar eruption indicates an eruption of material from the Sun during a solar flare (a brightening of a portion of the Sun). Other stars also flare (stellar flares), presumably with analogous eruptions. A major solar eruption is called a coronal mass ejection (CME), and a flare spray is a type of high-velocity solar eruption.
The term prominence eruption refers to the break-up of a solar prominence, a loop-shaped feature extending from the Sun's surface.