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An eigenmode (normal mode) of an oscillating system is a mode where the whole system oscillates at the same frequency, i.e., resonating. Calculating of eigenmodes is of use in many mechanical oscillating systems, e.g., acoustics, seismic activity, etc., as well as electrical systems and quantum mechanics calculations.
Eigenmode decomposition or eigenmode expansion (EME) can sometimes be done mathematically and is used in simulation of optics, and in adaptive optics and back end instruments.